. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. 128 MOOI AND GILL ,SC /SN SP1 EPAX ^PM + DI. Fig. 5 Type 1 epaxial morphology with extreme fibre separation from the main epaxial body of the epaxial muscle slip inserting on to pterygiophores in Haemulon aurolineatum (MPM 23228, mm SL). SP1, first dorsal-fin spine; SRI, first segmented dorsal-fin ray; other abbreviation and methods of presentation as in Figs 1,3. Scale bar = 5 mm. group for so long that they have been reified; in practice, most systematists regard the Percoidei as a bona fide taxon. As a consequence ichthyologis


. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. 128 MOOI AND GILL ,SC /SN SP1 EPAX ^PM + DI. Fig. 5 Type 1 epaxial morphology with extreme fibre separation from the main epaxial body of the epaxial muscle slip inserting on to pterygiophores in Haemulon aurolineatum (MPM 23228, mm SL). SP1, first dorsal-fin spine; SRI, first segmented dorsal-fin ray; other abbreviation and methods of presentation as in Figs 1,3. Scale bar = 5 mm. group for so long that they have been reified; in practice, most systematists regard the Percoidei as a bona fide taxon. As a consequence ichthyologists have rarely examined taxa from among the Percoidei as potential relatives of non- percoid taxa (exceptions include Johnson, 1984, 1986, 1993; Tyler et al. 1989), and few characters have been identified to suggest a relationship among percoids and scorpaeniforms, at least in part because few researchers have looked. These same problems apply to the more inclusive Perciformes, for which no satisfactory definition exists and membership is often questionable; families considered perciforms are rarely examined as either sister taxa or possible members of other acanthomorph orders (although see Johnson & Patterson, 1993) because, in practice, the Perciformes is treated as a monophyletic taxon. Several additional characters suggest that a relationship between scorpaeniforms and at least some of the 'percoids' with a Type 1 epaxial morphology is worthy of consideration. For example, some larval serranids (particularly anthiines) bear at least a superficial resemblance to larval scorpaeni- forms, with suspensorial and cranial bones highly orna- mented by spines and ridges (cf. Figs and descriptions in: Baldwin, 1990; Johnson, 1984; Kendall, 1984; Washington et al., 1984). Moreover, the general physiognomies of many adult serranids bear striking resemblances to certain scor- paeniforms. Although general similarities do not provide the necessary evidence for relationship, they hint


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