. Principles and practice of plumbing . estic and industrial uses. Thesoftening is accomplished automatically by passing the hardwater through a tank, as shown in Fig. 115, containingporous but insoluble crystals of aluminum-sodium silicate,where an exchange takes place between the lime and mag-nesia in the water, and the sodium forming the base of thecrystals. When the sodium base of the Permutit becomes ex- Digitized by Microsoft® Principles and Practice of Plumbing 231 hausted, as it does after a given quantity of water has beensoftened by it, it is necessary to renew the sodium. This isdon
. Principles and practice of plumbing . estic and industrial uses. Thesoftening is accomplished automatically by passing the hardwater through a tank, as shown in Fig. 115, containingporous but insoluble crystals of aluminum-sodium silicate,where an exchange takes place between the lime and mag-nesia in the water, and the sodium forming the base of thecrystals. When the sodium base of the Permutit becomes ex- Digitized by Microsoft® Principles and Practice of Plumbing 231 hausted, as it does after a given quantity of water has beensoftened by it, it is necessary to renew the sodium. This isdone by adding a solution of common salt to the Permutit,which by mass action drives out the calcium and magnesium,leaving sodium in their place. The calcium and mag-nesium salts are run off through the drain pipes. Thisprocess can be carried on indefinitely, as the life of thePermutit is unlimited. The only cost of operation is thecost of common salt. Usually the regenerating process, asit is called, is carried on at night. rtiHTseo •. cnt/fse I >
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