. Engineering and Contracting . Fig. 2—Diagram for Use in Determining Leaks in Pipe Line. cate recording pressure gage is attached to another nozzleon the hydrant. The dial of this gage is evolved by clockwork. Time is recorded by the vibrations of a tuning fork. After the instruments are connected, the valve is openedand water allowed to flow from the hydrant. The valve isthen closed suddenly. On the closing of the valve, the pres-sure line on the ;ram jump up. The pressure willremain at this height until a slightly relieving wave has re-turned from the point of the leak when it wi
. Engineering and Contracting . Fig. 2—Diagram for Use in Determining Leaks in Pipe Line. cate recording pressure gage is attached to another nozzleon the hydrant. The dial of this gage is evolved by clockwork. Time is recorded by the vibrations of a tuning fork. After the instruments are connected, the valve is openedand water allowed to flow from the hydrant. The valve isthen closed suddenly. On the closing of the valve, the pres-sure line on the ;ram jump up. The pressure willremain at this height until a slightly relieving wave has re-turned from the point of the leak when it will drop a littleThe pressure will then remain constant until the low pres-sure wave has returned from the point of relief. The exact. Fig. 3—Wireless Pipe Locator in Actual Use.(A and B) Thp Service Pipe—Iron or Lead—Also Stop Box orCutoff Cov.^rc-d by the ^rass; (C) The Mains in the Street; (X) TheTielri. The Arrows Show the Direction of the Current. location of the leak is then determined by proportional dis-tances from the diagram (Fig. 2.) The characteristics of the hydraulic gradient are usefulin the location of a leak. The upper diagram in Fig. 2 rep-resents the profile of a long pipe line or a portion of a dis-tribution system. It is suspected that a leak exists some- (97) 432 E}i()iiteeriu(j and Contracthici far April 11, 19;i0. wlitro between station r. -f 00 and 35 + GO. If the pipe lineis shut off completely except at 0 + 00 and iio leak exists,the hydraulic gradient will lie albng the line A and thepressure throughout the pipe line will indicate this the pipe is opened and no leak exists the hydraulic gra-dient will be represented by the line C provided the di-ameter and other conditions
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