. Moray and Nairn. ditches arebrooklime, watercress, water starwort, creeping buttercup,ivy-leaved crowfoot, marsh marigold, pondweed, andforget-me-not. Ling, cross-leaved and fine-leaved heaths,crowberry, purging flax, eyebright, gentian and milkwortare found on the hills. Several rare plants occur in thecounty. At the Culbin Sands the coralroot and the lessertwayblade are found. The twayblade, the birds-nestorchis, the single flowered wintergreen, and the inter-mediate wintergreen occur in the Darnaway Woods; thevernal squill and the Scottish lovage at Covesea. Smooth NATURAL HISTORY 35 grom
. Moray and Nairn. ditches arebrooklime, watercress, water starwort, creeping buttercup,ivy-leaved crowfoot, marsh marigold, pondweed, andforget-me-not. Ling, cross-leaved and fine-leaved heaths,crowberry, purging flax, eyebright, gentian and milkwortare found on the hills. Several rare plants occur in thecounty. At the Culbin Sands the coralroot and the lessertwayblade are found. The twayblade, the birds-nestorchis, the single flowered wintergreen, and the inter-mediate wintergreen occur in the Darnaway Woods; thevernal squill and the Scottish lovage at Covesea. Smooth NATURAL HISTORY 35 gromwell may be seen between Burghead and Hopeman;sheeps-bit between Lossiemouth and Garmouth ; birds-foot in Urquhart; lesser skullcap on the Spey, nearRothes; bearberry near Lochindorb, and intermediatebladderwort in a moss below Grantown. Several speciesof alpine plants occur, as alpine ladys-mantle, alpinebedstraw, mountain sorrel, mountain speedwell, starrysaxifrage, yellow saxifrage, and alpine enchanters night-. The Duchess Lime, Gordon Castle shade. The last three are found on the banks of theFindhorn. The soil of Morayshire is very suitable for Scots firand larch ; and these are the most extensively trees such as oak, beech and ash also thrivewell. There is a magnificent lime tree called the Duchess Lime at Gordon Castle. Its droopingbranches cover an area the circumference of which 36 MORAYSHIRE measures 300 feet. Fine beeches, oaks, elms, sycamoresand an old mulberry tree may be seen in the CooperPark, Elgin. The last of an avenue of venerable ashtrees stand by the side of the turnpike road enteringForres from the west. In the garden of Burgie House isa splendid sycamore, the girth of which is over 14 feet. 8. Weather and Climate. The principal factors that determine the climate of acountry are its latitude, shape, altitude, exposure, oceancurrents, distance from the sea, mountain chains, winds,character of its river systems and nature of its soils. The
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