. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. Water samples are taken from a high mountain lake by a back-country survey crew. Second Dinkey Lake, Fresno County. Project F-3-R—Experimental Back-country Fish Management Unless one has flown over the Sierra Nevada ranges, or has spent months back-packing or traveling by pack train, it is impossible to realize that California contains several thousand high-country lakes. Usually clustered in groups, their average size is small; less
. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. Water samples are taken from a high mountain lake by a back-country survey crew. Second Dinkey Lake, Fresno County. Project F-3-R—Experimental Back-country Fish Management Unless one has flown over the Sierra Nevada ranges, or has spent months back-packing or traveling by pack train, it is impossible to realize that California contains several thousand high-country lakes. Usually clustered in groups, their average size is small; less than 10 acres in the southern Sierra, for example. They all lie at high altitudes, and most of them are accessible only by trail. Primarily of glacial origin, most of them were originally barren of trout because of their origin and because of waterfalls in their outlets, which prevented the natural ascent of fishes. However, the majority have now been stocked with trout: especially eastern brook and rainbow, with lesser numbers of golden, brown, and cutthroat. The early planting was started by stockmen and has been car- ried on by sportsmen, wardens, and finally today by our hatchery crews. The early workers expected natural reproduction to replace the stock and usually transplanted only a few individual trout. Later it was found that many of the lakes lacked suitable spawning grounds. This resulted in a rather heavy stocking program of fingerlings, but for many years it was a hit or miss program. Some waters were stocked too frequently; others went unstocked for years even after the population had died out. In 1934 our first modern lake surveys were conducted by several parties of the then U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and since that time routine initial surveys have been made of some hundreds of lakes by our own staff. In 1945 we started the California management binder system. One of the major features of this system was to set up a "basic management policy" for ea
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