. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 735. Diagrams showing the effect of lowering the water-table by means of under-draining. On the undrained soil, the roots do not penetrate deep ; and when droughts come, the plants suffer. 736. Old-fashioned drain tile. the surplus water. Tenacious lands devoted to garden- ing and small fruits are made more pro
. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 735. Diagrams showing the effect of lowering the water-table by means of under-draining. On the undrained soil, the roots do not penetrate deep ; and when droughts come, the plants suffer. 736. Old-fashioned drain tile. the surplus water. Tenacious lands devoted to garden- ing and small fruits are made more productive, warmer and earlier by sub-drainage. Drains promote nitrifica- tion, assist in liberating mineral plant-food and cheapen tillage. They serve not only to remove deleterious stag- nant water, but they promote aeration as well, and this hastens beneficial chemical changes in the soil. Drainage promotes the vigor, healthfulness and fruitfulness of plants. Tenacious soils are made more friable by drains, thereby giving easier access to plant roots, while the percolation through the soil of rainwater, which carries some plant-food, is hastened. Rainwater in the spring is warmer than the soil; in midsummer it is cooler than the soil: therefore, percolation of rainwater warms the soil in the spring and cools it in extremely hot weather. Drains serve not only to relieve land of free water, but they impart to it power to hold additional available mois- ture, which materially benefits plants during droughts. Drainage is of two kinds, surface and sub-drainage. On land on which large outlays of money are to be ex- pended, as in horticultural plantations, it is of the utmost importance that the SOU be freed to considerable depths from stagnant water. Trees, many shrubs, and even some garden crops send their roots deeper into the subsoil than most of the cereals, hence they require a greater depth of drained feeding ground. In horticul- ture the planting may often precede the harvest
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