. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN 117, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. DESCRIPTION OF THE REGION. The region studied is the Utah Lake Valley in the vicinity of Provo, Springville, Spanish Fork, Payson, and Lelii. (See fig. 1.) In gen- eral there are two prominent physiographic features: (1) An area of sloping land adjacent to the base of the mountains and usually above the present systems of irrigation and (2) a larger and more nearly level area farther removed from the mountains and generally under irrigation. The first area consists chiefly
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN 117, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. DESCRIPTION OF THE REGION. The region studied is the Utah Lake Valley in the vicinity of Provo, Springville, Spanish Fork, Payson, and Lelii. (See fig. 1.) In gen- eral there are two prominent physiographic features: (1) An area of sloping land adjacent to the base of the mountains and usually above the present systems of irrigation and (2) a larger and more nearly level area farther removed from the mountains and generally under irrigation. The first area consists chiefly of coarse material, sand, gravel, stones, and bowlders, and the surface is usually rough and uneven. It is derived chiefly from the adjacent mountains and has been brought into the valley by inflowing streams and rains. These higher areas are commonly called bench lands. Many orchards have been planted on them, for the reason that the location . renders the fruit less liable to frost injury because of better air drainage (fig. 2). The soil is very porous in character and seemingly not as rich as that at the lower levels. The second area is made of the finer sediments de- posited by ancient Lake Bonneville, and since its subsidence these sediments have been considerably modified by inflowing streams and weathering. This area occupies the lower levels extending down to the shore of Utah Lake, which forms its western boundary. Utah Lake is a shallow body of fresh water having an outlet through the Jordan River into the Great Salt Lake. Much of this lower type of land is used only for pasture, the water table being within a few feet of the surface. Where saturated for any great length of time, the alkaline conditions become so bad that cultivated crops are no longer possible. Sugar beets constitute the important crop on these lower and heavier soils. SOILS OF THE REGION. Throughout the entire region more or less alkali is found. Most of this occurs on the lower levels. The higher
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