The Open court . nd such men asBernard of Clairvaux protectedthem, and thus the sufferingsof the Jews were less, comparedwith the intemperate zeal ofRudolph. During the MiddleAges the Jews were not onlypersecuted, but, where theywere tolerated, they becamealso the Pariahs of the to resume the thread ofevents. In France, formerly so sig-nally patronised by the Carlo-vingians, the Jews experienced adifferent treatment after the ex-tinction of that dynasty. Towardthe end of the eleventh centurythey were banished and afterward recalled by Philip I. In 1182 theywere at first banished by Ph
The Open court . nd such men asBernard of Clairvaux protectedthem, and thus the sufferingsof the Jews were less, comparedwith the intemperate zeal ofRudolph. During the MiddleAges the Jews were not onlypersecuted, but, where theywere tolerated, they becamealso the Pariahs of the to resume the thread ofevents. In France, formerly so sig-nally patronised by the Carlo-vingians, the Jews experienced adifferent treatment after the ex-tinction of that dynasty. Towardthe end of the eleventh centurythey were banished and afterward recalled by Philip I. In 1182 theywere at first banished by Philip Augustus, but readmitted uponcertain conditions, one of which was the obligation to wear a littlewheel upon their dress as a mark. Louis VII. (A. D. 1223) treatedthem as his serfs, and with one stroke of his pen remitted tohis Christian subjects all their debts to Jews. Louis IX. (), being anxious to convert them, commanded that the Tal-mud be destroyed by fire, and twenty-four cartfuls of the Talmud. Jew of Bagdad. HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE JEWS. 277 were publicly burned in Paris (1244). Philip the Fair, after rob-bing them repeatedly, expelled the Jews from France in Louis X. they were treated unfavorably, while Philip V.,the Long, favored and protected them. In 1341 the usual accusa-tions of treason, poisoning of the wells, etc., were brought againstthem, and many were burned, massacred, banished, or condemnedto heavy fines. Under John 1. they enjoyed a little rest, and soalso under Charles V. But in 1370 they were again banished, butsoon recalled under Charles VL In spite of the many vicissitudes,Jewish learning flourished inFrance, especially in the like David Kimchi andRashi have become householdnames in Jewish as well as inChristian theology. In England the Jews datetheir first residence from thetime of the Heptarchy. In thetwelfth century, under Henry his son, the cruel treatmentand plundering of the Jewsreached its height. On the
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade188, booksubjectreligion, bookyear1887
