. Railway track and track work . rackis the more important its rails may be contiiuious, having the heads grooved SWITCHES AND FROGS. 127 to form flangeways for wheels crossing them. At crossings on busy tracks, athird rail is sometimes placed against the outside of the track rail to carry tlu^false flanges of badly worn wheels and prevent them from battering the rails atthe flangeways. The ends of these easer rails are inclined, so that wheels walltake a bearing upon them without shock. Crossings may be built up withouta joint between the frogs, but this makes a very heavy section for transpo
. Railway track and track work . rackis the more important its rails may be contiiuious, having the heads grooved SWITCHES AND FROGS. 127 to form flangeways for wheels crossing them. At crossings on busy tracks, athird rail is sometimes placed against the outside of the track rail to carry tlu^false flanges of badly worn wheels and prevent them from battering the rails atthe flangeways. The ends of these easer rails are inclined, so that wheels walltake a bearing upon them without shock. Crossings may be built up withouta joint between the frogs, but this makes a very heavy section for transpor-tation, and does not admit of repairs without taking up the crossing. As arule it is better to have a joint in two sides. The sharper the angle of crossing,the greater will be the wear on the frogs, due to the battering effect of thewheels in jumping over the flangeways. With an angle of less than 8°, or where Inc/ine TrackEoser Forging Forg/nff[Easer RailTrack RailIar7geway FillerGuard Raillangeway FillerTrack RailEaser Rail. Fig. 63.—Crossing Frogs. one or both tracks are on a curve, movable-point frogs may be used, insteadof crossing frogs. In this case there will be two pair of short switch rails settoe to toe, as shown in Fig. G4, and operated simultaneously by a lever. Asimilar arrangement may be applied at the crossing of slip switches. In theNorfolk & Western Ry. practice, as exemplified by a crossing of 98°, the entirecrossing is in two pieces. Under each corner, or frog, is a f-in. plate, 24X36ins., to which the rails are secured by f-in. rivets, 4 ins. pitch, having thelower heads countersunk. There are strips outside the rails and fillers betweenthe main and guanl rails, all held together by three bolts in each leg of thecrossing. \\here less important street railways cross steam railways, the flange fillingis sometimes inclined so as to carry the wheels of the street cars over the crossing 128 IRACK. on their flanges, thus giving an unbroken rail to the steam
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