. The British fern gazette. Ferns. WILMANNS & RASBACH : PTE R I DOPH YTES OF SAO MIGUEL 317. FIGURE 3: Ericetum azoricae with Erica azorica, Laurus azorica, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus brevifolia, Culcita macrocarpa. North-side of Pico Verde, in the background Pico da Vara. predominant although in the north are some tea plantations. This level also bears vast forests of aliens, mostly Cryptomeria japonica and Acacia species with masses of Hedychium gardnerianum (Zingiberaceae). The Ericetum azoricae is developed nowadays as a sort of shrubby heath. Nevertheless it is the most impressive fo
. The British fern gazette. Ferns. WILMANNS & RASBACH : PTE R I DOPH YTES OF SAO MIGUEL 317. FIGURE 3: Ericetum azoricae with Erica azorica, Laurus azorica, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus brevifolia, Culcita macrocarpa. North-side of Pico Verde, in the background Pico da Vara. predominant although in the north are some tea plantations. This level also bears vast forests of aliens, mostly Cryptomeria japonica and Acacia species with masses of Hedychium gardnerianum (Zingiberaceae). The Ericetum azoricae is developed nowadays as a sort of shrubby heath. Nevertheless it is the most impressive formation of the island, especially if one takes the trouble to walk through thick Sphagnum-carpets and hollows between Erica azorica and Juniperus brevifolia (rarely more than 3 m high), Calluna vulgaris, Culcita macrocarpa plants densely covered with Hymenophyllum tunbrigense, Myrsine africana, Vaccinium cy/indraceum and other endemics. By felling for timber and charcoal the former wood has changed to heath. ("Pico de Carvao" means "summit of coal"). But even this relict heath is threatened: Cryptomeria plantations are pushed forward; in the west and the centre we saw harvesting of heather-sods, people use the heath with Sphagnum in the stables instead of straw beds and as a substrate for growing pineapples in greenhouses. Afterwards they often plant pastures. OBSERVATIONS Starting from Ponta Delgada, we installed a net of observation lines and points over the island (Fig. 1). This enabled us to characterise each species with respect to (a) frequency, (b) altitude and (c) habitat type. We present our information using the following abbreviations:. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original British Pteridological Society. [s. l. ] British Pteridological Society
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