Elements of geology, or, The Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments elementsofgeolog00lyel Year: 1868 Ch. XXIII.] PERMIAN FLORA. 463 According to Sir R. Murchison,* the Permian rocks are composed, m Russia, of white limestone, with gypsum and white salt: and of red and green grits, occasionally with copper-ore; also magnesian limestones, marlstones, and conglomerates. The country of Mansfield, in Thuringia, may be called the classic ground of the Lower New Red, or Magnesian Limestone, or Permian formation, on the Co
Elements of geology, or, The Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments elementsofgeolog00lyel Year: 1868 Ch. XXIII.] PERMIAN FLORA. 463 According to Sir R. Murchison,* the Permian rocks are composed, m Russia, of white limestone, with gypsum and white salt: and of red and green grits, occasionally with copper-ore; also magnesian limestones, marlstones, and conglomerates. The country of Mansfield, in Thuringia, may be called the classic ground of the Lower New Red, or Magnesian Limestone, or Permian formation, on the Continent. It consists there principally of, first, the Zechstein, corresponding to the upper portion of our English series; and, secondly, the marl-slate, with fish of species identical vrith those of the bed so called in Durham. This slaty marlstone is richly impregnated with copper-pyrites, for which it is extensively worked. Magnesian limestone, gypsum, and rock-salt occur among the superior strata of this group. At its base lies the Rothliegendes, supposed to correspond with the Inferior or Lower Xew Red Sand- stone, which occupies a similar place in England between the marl- slate and coal. Its local name of ' Rothliegendes,' red-Iyer, or ' Roth-todt-hegendes,' red-dead-Iyer, was given by the workmen in the Germau mines from its red color, and because the copper has died out when they reach this rock, which is not metalliferous. It is, in fact, a great deposit of red sandstone and conglomerate, with associated porphpy, basaltic trap, and amygdaloid. In the ' Kupferschiefer,' or marl-slate, a highly organized reptile allied to the living monitor, was found in 1709, which has been named P rotor osaurus, and it remained for a century and a quarter the oldest known fossil reptile, when, at length, in 1844, the Arche- r/osaurus was discovered in the coal of Saarbruch, near Treves. Permian Flora.—We learn from the investigations of Colonel Yon Gutbier, that in the Permian rocks
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