. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. a as a singlepair of simple phallic lobes sunken into a pocket of the ventral con-junctiva between the ninth and tenth abdominal segments (fig. 6 C,PhL). At a late prepupal stage the lobes are everted from the pocket,and each lobe now splits into a lateral branch and a mesal branch (D,E, Pmr, Mmr). Later, the mesal branches (mcsomercs) unite toform the aedeagus; the outer branches, Sharif says, are the rudi- NO. 18 SKELETAL ANATOMY OF FLEAS—SNODGRASS 51 ments of the parameres. Unfortunately Sharif does not carry thedevelopment of the genital organs thro
. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. a as a singlepair of simple phallic lobes sunken into a pocket of the ventral con-junctiva between the ninth and tenth abdominal segments (fig. 6 C,PhL). At a late prepupal stage the lobes are everted from the pocket,and each lobe now splits into a lateral branch and a mesal branch (D,E, Pmr, Mmr). Later, the mesal branches (mcsomercs) unite toform the aedeagus; the outer branches, Sharif says, are the rudi- NO. 18 SKELETAL ANATOMY OF FLEAS—SNODGRASS 51 ments of the parameres. Unfortunately Sharif does not carry thedevelopment of the genital organs through to the pupal or adult stages,and it is not clear what organs of the adult he would here identifyas parameres; in earlier taxonomic papers he follows the usualcustom of giving this term to certain apical lobes of the aedeagus. The genital structures present on the skin of a mature male pupaof Ceratophyllus swansoni Liu (fig. 6 A) consist of a medianaedeagus (Aed), and of a pair of broad lateral lobes (Pmr) pro- XL1 aP1 VIII IX 1XSL. Fig. 6.—Development of the male external genitalia. (C, D, E fromSharif, 1937.) A, mature pupal skin from end of abdomen of Ceratophyllus szvansoni Liu,showing parameres, coiled aedeagus, and rudiments of ninth-sternal lobes. B,pupal aedeagus of same, showing aedeagal tube of imago inside the pupal , primary phallic lobes in peripodal pocket of third-stage larva of Nosopsyllusfasciatus (Bosc), together with ends of associated ducts. D, terminal abdominalsegments of early male prepupa of same, ventral view, showing phallic lobeseverted and each lobe cleft into an inner branch, or mesomere, and an outerbranch, or paramere; also seen are the rudiments of the ninth-sternal , lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of a late male pupa of same. Aed, pupal aedeagus; An, anus; apl, antepygidial lobes; IXSL, lobe of ninthsternum; Mmr, mesomere; PhL, primary phallic lobe; Pmr, paramere; Sp,spiracle; y, tube of imaginal aedeagus in aed
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