. The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures. Cladistic analysis; Zoology -- Classification; Phylogeny. -- Viviparous reproduction -- Unbranched anterior anal fin rays First anal fin ray rudimentary -- Muscular urogenital system in males -- Other characters associated with viviparous reproduction -- First 2-7 middle anal radials absent or fused to proximal radials -- Distal arm of premaxilla straight -- Dorsal processes of maxilla reduced Fig. —A phylogenetic tree of goodeid relationships (from Parenti, 1981). Conversion of the classification to tree form would produce Fig.
. The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures. Cladistic analysis; Zoology -- Classification; Phylogeny. -- Viviparous reproduction -- Unbranched anterior anal fin rays First anal fin ray rudimentary -- Muscular urogenital system in males -- Other characters associated with viviparous reproduction -- First 2-7 middle anal radials absent or fused to proximal radials -- Distal arm of premaxilla straight -- Dorsal processes of maxilla reduced Fig. —A phylogenetic tree of goodeid relationships (from Parenti, 1981). Conversion of the classification to tree form would produce Fig. We now have a situation in which there is a trichotomy among the three subgroups. Whenever there is a polytomy, we can derive additional hypotheses about possible subgroupings. These hypotheses represent all of the possible resolutions of the classification tree, given its structure. That is, we can derive possible resolutions that are consistent with the original classification. Following the principle of logical consistency, if one of these Empetrichthys Crenichthys Goodeinae. Goodeidae Fig. —An alternative classification of goodeids in tree Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Wiley, E. O. Lawrence, Kan. : Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas
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