Principal Comets, Plate 2, 19th Century
Halley's Comet or Comet Halley (1P/Halley) is the best known of the short-period comets and is visible from Earth every 75-76 years. It is the only short-period comet that is clearly visible to the naked eye from Earth, and thus the only naked-eye comet that might appear twice in a human lifetime. The Great Comet of 1811,(C/1811 F1) is a comet that was visible to the naked eye for around 260 days, a record it held until the appearance of Comet Hale-Bopp in 1997. Maria Mitchell was an American astronomer who, in 1847, by using a telescope, discovered a comet which as a result became known as; Miss Mitchell's Comet. C/1807 R1 (Great Comet of 1807) is a long-period comet, which in 1807 was visible to naked-eye observers in the northern hemisphere from early September to late December. The Great Comet of 1845 (C/1845 L1). A strange thing happened to comet Biela in 1845. The nucleus of the comet split into two partners. The smaller comet, subsequently became more active and brighter than the larger. A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, heats up and begins to outgas, displaying a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind upon the nucleus of the comet. Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many different cultures. Comets have a wide range of orbital periods, ranging from several years to several millions of years. Image from Astronomy (1875) by J. Rambosson.
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