The international encyclopaedia of surgery; a systematic treatise on the theory and practice of surgery . ore, waste very considerably ; the muscles, more especially theflexors, soon become little else than fibrous^ cords. The extensors, on the otherhand, which are not thus aftected by reflex tonic contraction, nor, theretore,l)y contracture, remain flaccid, and ^are prone rather to fatty degeneration,which, however, does not occur so early in the disease. But another eftect, besides flexion, follows these muscular acts at certainjoints, more especially at the knee. For since the cartilages ar
The international encyclopaedia of surgery; a systematic treatise on the theory and practice of surgery . ore, waste very considerably ; the muscles, more especially theflexors, soon become little else than fibrous^ cords. The extensors, on the otherhand, which are not thus aftected by reflex tonic contraction, nor, theretore,l)y contracture, remain flaccid, and ^are prone rather to fatty degeneration,which, however, does not occur so early in the disease. But another eftect, besides flexion, follows these muscular acts at certainjoints, more especially at the knee. For since the cartilages are, in part,destroyed, and the shape of the bone-ends modified, a certain loss of sub-stance has been thus produced, which, by approximating certain points ofbone, renders the ligaments somewhat looser. Moreover, those striu-tures are,as we have seen, involved, and, more oi* less, disintegrated by the granulatingju-ocess, which softens them and causes their fibres to be still more consequence, the continued drag which the muscles exercise, as above VOL. IV,—20 30G DISEASES OF TUE Consecutive or pathological dislocation of tibiabackwards at knee. Fig. 037. described, upon the distal bone, pro- duces not merely flexion, but a gradualgliding of the lower joint surface ujkhithe ujtper, towards the side of flexion,producing i)athological dislocation, or,since it is rarely com j)lete, certain joints, dislocation may oc-cur in other directions than those offlexion; for instance, the tibia may bedisplaced outward on the femur, tliisbeing due to unusually [lowerful ac-tion of the poi»liteus muscle. Kowwhen these contractures have persisteda certain time, another set of neuro-muscular phenomena, commonly calledstarting pains, arise; they are clonicspasms aitecting the muscles about thejoint, or,when severe, those of the wholelimb. Their commencement tallies,in point of time, with the hyperaeraiaof the cancellous bone-ends that ac-companies cartilagin
Size: 1424px × 1754px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1881
