. Map modeling in geography : including the use of sand, clay putty, paper pulp, plaster of Paris, and other materials : also chalk modeling in its adaptation to purposes of illustration. Fig. 23.—Bituminous Coal. Clare Leighner, 9 yrs. 6. Cannel coal (Fig. 24), burns with a very steady flame, and,indeed, was first called candle coal from this cause. 7. Some coal contains much shale and slate. 8. Coke is made by burning good bituminous coal in ovens. 52 Nature Study, 9. It is a most valuable fuel for use in furnaces for the makingof fine grades of iron and Fig. 24.—Cannel Coal. Clarenc
. Map modeling in geography : including the use of sand, clay putty, paper pulp, plaster of Paris, and other materials : also chalk modeling in its adaptation to purposes of illustration. Fig. 23.—Bituminous Coal. Clare Leighner, 9 yrs. 6. Cannel coal (Fig. 24), burns with a very steady flame, and,indeed, was first called candle coal from this cause. 7. Some coal contains much shale and slate. 8. Coke is made by burning good bituminous coal in ovens. 52 Nature Study, 9. It is a most valuable fuel for use in furnaces for the makingof fine grades of iron and Fig. 24.—Cannel Coal. Clarence Kiester, 8 yrs. 10. Many coal products are very useful. 11. Coal is composed largely of carboUy of which graphite,used in making pencils, is a purer form. 12. Diamonds are pure carbon. A Field Lesson.—I. When Agassiz held the greatest American school of scienceon that little Island of Penikese off the south coast of Massachu-setts, he stated vital truth when he said, * Study nature, notbooks. So, also, in his reply to the publisher, It is not school-books we want, but students, he showed the crying need of areturn to natural methods in the acquisition of true scientificknowledge. To the teacher of geography the open book of na-ture is the best text-book to use in rendering children familiarwith many geographical terms, and giving primary notions whichmay be expanded through the exercise of the natural modifyingimagination. Results obtained from field lessons will depend in a greatmeasure upon the degree of school spirit kept among the childrenduring
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