. Science of railways . mer intercepts the im-purities, settling and removingthem before they havetime to touch the hot flues or hot sheets. This notonly prevents f oaming,but leaves nothing in the boil- ertomake scale andles-s;.ens the accumulationin the leg of the but waterwill make steam, sokeep grease and com-pounds out of the boil-er. Heat is the bestagency known for sep-i^arating solid matterfrom water. A boiler isthe best contrivance yetdevised by man forheating water; as mostof the solid matter contained in the feed water comesto the surface when steam is up, that is the
. Science of railways . mer intercepts the im-purities, settling and removingthem before they havetime to touch the hot flues or hot sheets. This notonly prevents f oaming,but leaves nothing in the boil- ertomake scale andles-s;.ens the accumulationin the leg of the but waterwill make steam, sokeep grease and com-pounds out of the boil-er. Heat is the bestagency known for sep-i^arating solid matterfrom water. A boiler isthe best contrivance yetdevised by man forheating water; as mostof the solid matter contained in the feed water comesto the surface when steam is up, that is the best placeto remove it. It is claimed that the surface skimmerdoes this before it starts to make the second roundwith the circulation, and what little is left goes to theleg of the boiler and is removed by the mud ring de-vice; this prevents foaming, reduces the number ofwashings out, prevents incrustation and corrosion,and is claimed to have been found more practicalthan purifying the water before entering the MUD RINGFia. Mechanical Boner (Section Throug-h Mud Ring-.) LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 54? It is the soft matter in the boiler that is dangerous;the removing of that part removes the danger. This device does not interfere in the least in clean-ing out the old way, or in the use of compounds. Ifscale should form from neglecting to use the cleaner,or any other cause, compounds can be used, and whatthey dissolve and throw down the cleaner will removeat the surface and at the leg. As both cleaners areblown off before entering the round house, there islittle or nothing left in the water, and what there is itcatches while the engine is idle, to be blown out againas soon as it leaves the roundhouse. This makes aclean boiler at all times. If boilers are allowed to become cold before remov-ing the water, very little scale will form on the fluesand sheets. It is removing the water for washing outwhile hot, to save time, that causes them to scale sofast and
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