An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles encyclopdiaofa01loud Year: 1831 318 SCIENCE OF AGRICULTURE. Part II. Subsect. 3. Of discoveri
An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles encyclopdiaofa01loud Year: 1831 318 SCIENCE OF AGRICULTURE. Part II. Subsect. 3. Of discovering the Qualities of a Soil mechanically and empirically. 2137. The physical properties ofsoils, and some of their most important constituents relatively to the cultivator, may be ascertained to a certain extent by various and very simple means. 2138. The specific gravity of a soil, or the relation of its weight to that of water, may be ascertained by introducing into a phial, which will contain a known quantity of water, equal volumes of water and of soil, and this may be easily done by pouring in water till it is half full, and then adding the soil till the fluid rises to the mouth ; the difference between the weight of the soil and that of the water will give the result. Thus if the bottle contains four hundred grains of water, and gains two hundred grains when half filled with water and half with soil, the specific gravity of the soil will be 2, that is, it will be twice as heavy as water, and if it gained one hundred and sixty-five grains, its specific gravity would be , water being 1000. 2139. The presence of clay and sand in any soil is known, the first by its tenacity, the other by its roughness to the touch, and by scratching glass when rubbed on it. 2140. The presence of calcareous matter in soil may be ascertained by simply pouring any acid on it, and observing if it effervesces freely. Muriatic acid is the best for this purpose. Calcareous soils, magnesian soi
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