. The cave fauna of North America, with remarks on the anatomy of the brain and origin of the blind species. Cave animals; Caves. FlG. 18.—Blepharoptera defessa Osten Saoken. Zwingle's Cave (one of the Carter caves), September 17, 20 rods from the entrance; Gray Town Cave, Curtin caves, Little Lithographic Cave, near Glasgow Junction; Hundred Dome Cave (Sanborn). Phora (2, 12, 13) larvae in decaying vegetable matter; some parasitical in other insects. In order to give completeness to this paper I append Mr. Hnbbard's description of the larva of the Phora, which I did not meet with: Phora sp.—(
. The cave fauna of North America, with remarks on the anatomy of the brain and origin of the blind species. Cave animals; Caves. FlG. 18.—Blepharoptera defessa Osten Saoken. Zwingle's Cave (one of the Carter caves), September 17, 20 rods from the entrance; Gray Town Cave, Curtin caves, Little Lithographic Cave, near Glasgow Junction; Hundred Dome Cave (Sanborn). Phora (2, 12, 13) larvae in decaying vegetable matter; some parasitical in other insects. In order to give completeness to this paper I append Mr. Hnbbard's description of the larva of the Phora, which I did not meet with: Phora sp.—(Fig. 19 : a, larva, enlarged ten times, profile; b, front view of head and thorax; c, anal proleg, from above; a and b much enlarged.) The larva of the smaller cave fly is cylindrical, narrowed in front, more sud- denly narrowed behind. Head small, rounded, convex, deeply inserted in the thorax; above on each side an acute, three-jointed tubercle; in front a second pair of very minute tubercles, sep- arated by a sutural line, which branches below them; space between the branches of the Y-suture excised, inclosing the buccal opening, which ap- pears as a dark transverse slit. Three thoracic segments smaller than the abdominal segments, retractile, bearing at or near the anterior border a row of acute tubercles or spines; the prothoracic with a pair of tubular seines arising from depressions at the middle of each side. Abdomen of nine segments, each with three folds on the dorsal surface, the posterior fold bearing a row of spines similar to those on the thorax; sides wrinkled, with tubercular prominences between the segments, and one or two spines anterior to those of the dorsal row; ventral surface, each segment with three transverse ridges, one median, slightly in advance of the two lateral ridges; two last segments smaller, the terminal with an anal projection consisting of two large retractile tubercles, directed upwards and bearing spiracles, surrounded by six radiating
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Keywords: ., bookauthorpackarda, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookyear1888
