. Electric traction and transmission engineering . apacity or pondage of about 350 million cubic feet. shows the power house and sluice-gate masonry of thisdevelopment, looking upstream. The power furnished by a given stream may be increasedby a suitable reservoir, for the water impounded during therainy seasons may be partially drawn off during time of lowwater. The water available for pondage is limited, how-ever, since the level of head water can only be lowered acomparatively small amount without impairing the outputand efficiency of the plant. Water is led from the head-race or th
. Electric traction and transmission engineering . apacity or pondage of about 350 million cubic feet. shows the power house and sluice-gate masonry of thisdevelopment, looking upstream. The power furnished by a given stream may be increasedby a suitable reservoir, for the water impounded during therainy seasons may be partially drawn off during time of lowwater. The water available for pondage is limited, how-ever, since the level of head water can only be lowered acomparatively small amount without impairing the outputand efficiency of the plant. Water is led from the head-race or the reservoir through 290 TRACTION AND TRANSMISSION. suitable hand- or motor-operated head gates to the forebayand from there to the wheel pits. The water in enteringthe wheel pit from the head-race usually passes through atrash rack consisting of narrow iron bars, the function ofwhich is to prevent large floating objects from entering theturbines. Open wheel pits are usual for heads up to 30feetj whereas closed flumes or penstocks leading from the. Fig. 121. head-race to the wheel pits are utilized for higher is desirable to set the turbines in separate pits so thatone or more may be temporarily shut down without inter-fering with the operation of the station. A cross-sectional view of the Rocky Creek Power Houseof the Southern Power Company is shown in Fig. 122, whichalso illustrates the construction of the penstock and drafttube for each turbine, and the water-tight stuffing boxbetween the wheel pit and the generator room. HYDRAULIC STATIONS. 291
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