A treatise on orthopedic surgery . character of the deformity and uponits causes. In the ordinary type of adolescent scoliosis the dura-tion of active treatment is usually from three to six months. Inthis time the muscles may be so strengthened and the necessityfor constant attention to the attitudes may be so impressed uponthe patient that the simple exercises which may be performedat home may be sufiicient. In such exercises the most importantpostures are those which hyperextend the spine. The constanteffort should be to make motion in one direction as free as inanother, and to practice post
A treatise on orthopedic surgery . character of the deformity and uponits causes. In the ordinary type of adolescent scoliosis the dura-tion of active treatment is usually from three to six months. Inthis time the muscles may be so strengthened and the necessityfor constant attention to the attitudes may be so impressed uponthe patient that the simple exercises which may be performedat home may be sufiicient. In such exercises the most importantpostures are those which hyperextend the spine. The constanteffort should be to make motion in one direction as free as inanother, and to practice postures that tend to reduce all cases it is well, if possible, to keep the patient undersupervision during the period of growth. CHAPTEE IV. DEFOEMITIES OF THE SPINE (Continued). DEFORMITIES OF THE CHEST. THE FUNCTIONAL PATHOGENESIS OF DEFORMITY. VARIATIONS IN THE CONTOUR OF THE SPINE. Oi^E recognizes a certain contour of the spine as normal, butthere are variations from this type which, within certain limits. Fig. Fig. 166. ^ The hollow round back. (Stafel.) The round back. (Stafel.) can hardly be classed as abnormal. Two of these have beenmentioned: the round hack (Fig. 166), in which there is a gen- 223 224 OBTHOPEDIC SUEGEBY. eral forward droop most marked at the shoulders, and the hollowround hack (Fig. 165), in which the dorsal kyphosis and thelumbar lordosis are somewhat exaggerated. A third type is theflat had (Fig. 93), in which there is neither a lumbar lordosisnor a dorsal kyphosis. In the marked cases there is an actualprominence in the lumbar region, while the scajDulse projectbackward, overhanging the flattened dorsal spine. This type ofback is the result, in many instances, of a rhachitic kyphosiswhich was most prominent in the lumbar region, and it oftenfollows a primary lateral rotation of the lumbar vertebrse. Theflat back and the round back jDredispose to lateral from the normal contour of the spine are attended bya chang
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