History of mediæval art . rovided with a hundred supports and covered by seventy-sixcupolas. In architectural respects the greatest importance is to beattached to the elaborate and tasteful arrangement of the penden-tives of the chief domes, which, however, did not appear before thesixteenth century. The pendentives of the Mosque of Jumma { and 94), and of the grave of Mahmud at Bijapur, are constructedupon a most ingenious principle, and are particularly interesting, in-asmuch as their design is without doubt related to the round-arched 176 MOHAMMEDAN ART. squinch pendentives of Russia
History of mediæval art . rovided with a hundred supports and covered by seventy-sixcupolas. In architectural respects the greatest importance is to beattached to the elaborate and tasteful arrangement of the penden-tives of the chief domes, which, however, did not appear before thesixteenth century. The pendentives of the Mosque of Jumma { and 94), and of the grave of Mahmud at Bijapur, are constructedupon a most ingenious principle, and are particularly interesting, in-asmuch as their design is without doubt related to the round-arched 176 MOHAMMEDAN ART. squinch pendentives of Russia. But these edifices belong to a laterperiod than that with which we are at present concerned, as doalso the marvellous constructions of the empire of the Great Mogul,which was founded in the year 1494 by Baber, a lineal descendantof Tamerlane. The buildings at Gualior, New Delhi (Jehan-Abad),Futtehpore Sikri, Allahabad, Secundra, Mehal, Agra, etc., are allsubsequent to the Middle Ages, some of them being as recent as the. Fig- 93.—Plan of the Mosque of Jumma at Bijapur. eighteenth century. The dynasty of Pathan has been celebrated forhaving built like giants and decorated like jewellers. This mightbe said with equal truth of the Great Moguls, who erected, at NewDelhi and at Agra, mosques, palaces, and mausoleums of the mostimposing dimensions, all of which combined a harmonious arrange-ment of plan and an intelligent construction with a fine elaborationof the decorative details not even surpassed by the works of theMoors in Spain. The influence of the architecture of the Moguls, ARCHITECTURE. 177 after the sixteenth century, upon that of all Mohammedan Asia,and even that of Russia and Turkey in Europe, was quite as greatas the influence of the traditions of Byzantium had been uponthe beginnings of Mohammedan art. On the other hand, the pow-erful dynasty of Akbar the Great, who died in the year 1605, fullyprofited by the advances of Occidental civilization. The most western
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