The story of the Pullman car . res, andparticularly the arrangement of the springs whichkept the cars in line in a vertical plane. The vestibule was patented in 1887. By its ap-plication the appearance of the train as a unit wasmaterially increased, but of far greater importancewas the contribution which it made to safety. Notonly did the enclosed vestibule afford protection topassengers crossing the platform from one car to an-other, but the entire vestibule construction imme-diately gave greater safety in case of wreck bypreventing one platform from riding the otherand producing a telescopin
The story of the Pullman car . res, andparticularly the arrangement of the springs whichkept the cars in line in a vertical plane. The vestibule was patented in 1887. By its ap-plication the appearance of the train as a unit wasmaterially increased, but of far greater importancewas the contribution which it made to safety. Notonly did the enclosed vestibule afford protection topassengers crossing the platform from one car to an-other, but the entire vestibule construction imme-diately gave greater safety in case of wreck bypreventing one platform from riding the otherand producing a telescoping of the cars. The vestibule as designed and patented did notextend to the full width of the car. • It consisted ofelastic diaphragms on steel frames attached to theends of the cars, the faces of the diaphragms when [107] Digitized by Microsoft® THE STORY OF THE PULLMAN CAR the train was made up, pressing firmly against eachother by powerful spiral springs which held them inposition. A further advantage of the vestibule was. The vestibule was invented by George IS. Pullman. Thisillustration shows Us earliest form which extended only to the widthqf the doorway of the car. In 1893 it was extended to the fullwidth of the ear. flo81 Digitized by Microsoft® INVENTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS the almost entire elimination of the oscillation ofthe cars. The first vestibuled trains were put in service inApril, 1887, on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and in afew years were adopted by every railroad using Pull-man equipment. In 1893 ^ vestibule was re-designed to enclose the entire platform by means ofa drop which lowered over the stair openings, thusincreasing the roominess of the car and utilizingevery inch of possible space. In the Railway Review of April 16, 1887, occursan interesting description of the first solid-vesti-buled train. For a number of months following,this radical innovation was widely recognized by thepress throughout the country, and Pullman vesti-buled cars were advertised
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