. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. 278 FARM GARDEN FARM GARDEN in place, thus drawing all the outside canes close together between the wires. The wires may be caught over the stake without any cross-arm, but this sometimes breaks the canes that are drawn in. Fig. 385. Raspberry (Columbian) before pruning. next to the stake. No. 12 galvanized iron wire is used for this purpose. The pruning required is simply the
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. 278 FARM GARDEN FARM GARDEN in place, thus drawing all the outside canes close together between the wires. The wires may be caught over the stake without any cross-arm, but this sometimes breaks the canes that are drawn in. Fig. 385. Raspberry (Columbian) before pruning. next to the stake. No. 12 galvanized iron wire is used for this purpose. The pruning required is simply the removal of the fruiting canes as soon as the crop is gathered. If in hills and the canes are not supported by stakes or wires, the ends of the new canes are pinched to make them grow stocky. In spring the bushes may be cut back. (Figs. 385, 386.) The raspberry is easily pruned with the hand pruning-shears, but to do the work comfortably among blackberries, long-handled shears or a blackberry hook is required, with which to reach in among the thorny canes. Few varieties are perfectly hardy, and so the canes may need protection during the winter in the North. Raspberry canes are easily protected by bending them over and laying them on the ground; blackberry plants must be loosened a little at the roots to enable them to bend without breaking. Blackberries are seldom covered except in the extreme North. Currants and gooseberries.—These two fruits are almost necessities in the farm garden. They are easily grown and yield a large quantity of fruit for the space occupied and the labor ex- pended. They delight in a deep, moist, rich soil, the size of the fruit depending more on the rich- ness of the soil than on the variety. Strong one- year-old plants are best. They are planted four by six feet apart. The pruning required is to remove wood more than three or four years old to encour- age the growth of strong new canes. The best fruit is borne on wood two or three years old. The gre
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