The rural teacher and his work in community leadership, in school administration, and in mastery of the school subjects . towns. The district organiza-tion, it will be understood, came into existence where therewas no town organization for civil purposes. Countyorganization originated in the South. Here plantationlife prevailed, agricultural areas were large, with a widelyscattered population and little village life. This called fora larger unit of organization for civil purposes, which wassupplied in the old English county. The latter also be-came the unit for school purposes. As the nation e
The rural teacher and his work in community leadership, in school administration, and in mastery of the school subjects . towns. The district organiza-tion, it will be understood, came into existence where therewas no town organization for civil purposes. Countyorganization originated in the South. Here plantationlife prevailed, agricultural areas were large, with a widelyscattered population and little village life. This called fora larger unit of organization for civil purposes, which wassupplied in the old English county. The latter also be-came the unit for school purposes. As the nation expanded westward the local district unithas kept well in the vanguard of civilization, becomingpermanently established in many states of the MiddleWest and in nearly all of the West. The compact townshiporganization eventually drove the district system out ofNew England and gave several of the Middle WesternStates a marked bias for this organization. Meanwhile,south of the Mason-Dixon line, county systems of organ-ization prevailed. In the Middle West, where the town- RURAL SCHOOL ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION I2i. 122 THE RURAL TEACHER AND HIS WORK ship and county are both used in civil administration, thereis a strong movement under way at this time to supplantthe pioneer district organization with one or the other oftownship or county unit, with the latter generally in theascendency. Decline of the District Unit. — The term school dis-trict is used in the present discussion to mean a smallgeographical area served by a single school, with occasionallytwo or more schools, under one local board of board has general charge of the local school, includingcare of the school premises, choice of teacher, the right tofix the teachers salary, and establishment of the policywhich shall govern the schools work. The board is ame-nable to the annual school meeting which elects its member-ship, votes the taxes, — except in states without localtaxation, — determines th
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Keywords: ., bookauthorf, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectfarmlife
