. Handbook of mental examination methods. B A B Fig. 40. Distribution of observations in experiment on the ability toreproduce a given length of line. or other measures and with a horizontal line or area represent-ing the number of measurements of the particular amount. The results of the test of drawing a line of 100 mm. length arerepresented graphically in Fig. 40. If the number of observa-tions had been much larger the curve of the distribution of theobservations would have been smoother and have the form shownin Fig. 41. This is known as the probability curve. On thesecurves the average an
. Handbook of mental examination methods. B A B Fig. 40. Distribution of observations in experiment on the ability toreproduce a given length of line. or other measures and with a horizontal line or area represent-ing the number of measurements of the particular amount. The results of the test of drawing a line of 100 mm. length arerepresented graphically in Fig. 40. If the number of observa-tions had been much larger the curve of the distribution of theobservations would have been smoother and have the form shownin Fig. 41. This is known as the probability curve. On thesecurves the average and the average variations are shown. It. Fig. 41. Probability curve of distribution of observations, when these are numerous. A, representing average; A-B, representing the average variation. may be stated the latter (in a large series of measurements) rep-resents an area of the curve within which one-half of the meas- 182 MENTAL EXAMINATION METHODS urements falls. The average and the average variations givertherefore, information of the probable value and of the limits,within which one-half of the observations falls. The average is used for the determination of other facts,besides those which are noted above. For example, in makingtests on the threshold of pressure for touch or for pain on oneparticular point we may find the following results. Measurements Variations24 6 19 1 23 5 14 4 13 522 4 15 0 16 2 17 1 14 4 Average Here we see we have individual measures which differ butwhich can not be said to differ from an absolute quantity whichis to be measured. All that we can do with measurements ofthis character is t
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