. The cereals in America. Grain. ENEMIES OF WHEAT 97. known remedy. A great deal of study has been given to the discovery or production of rust proof varieties of wlieat, with as yet little if any success. 147. Wheat Scab.—The scab fungus is believed to be tlie conidial stage of a fungus which in its ascigerous stage is called GibbereUa saubinettii (Mont.) Sacc The fungus attacks the glumes, causing dead sections of the spike, whose brown color is in striking contrast with the green healthy glumes. At times the whole spike is destroyed. It may be identified by the pink incrustations at the bas
. The cereals in America. Grain. ENEMIES OF WHEAT 97. known remedy. A great deal of study has been given to the discovery or production of rust proof varieties of wlieat, with as yet little if any success. 147. Wheat Scab.—The scab fungus is believed to be tlie conidial stage of a fungus which in its ascigerous stage is called GibbereUa saubinettii (Mont.) Sacc The fungus attacks the glumes, causing dead sections of the spike, whose brown color is in striking contrast with the green healthy glumes. At times the whole spike is destroyed. It may be identified by the pink incrustations at the base of the dead glumes and covering tlie rachis. Usually the losses are inconsiderable, although under conditions favorable to the fungus, it may amount to ten per cent or more. There is no remedy known, but where wheat is to follow scabby wheat the burning of the stubble has been 148. Loose Smut.—This fungus belongs to the same genus as the smut so commonly found on maize. The spores adhering to the grain germinate and enter the young wheat plant through the sheath of the first leaf. The fungus grows within the wheat plant without external manifestation until the wheat plant is about to flower, when the whole spike except the rachis is reduced to a mass of black smut spores. The loss from loose smut is rarely large, although as high as eight per cent has been reported.^ The remedy is known as the modified hot water treatment and is as follows: Soak the seed grain for four hours in cold water, let stand for four hours more in the wet sacks, then immerse for five minutes in water at a temperature of 133° F.; then dry and Since this treatment injures the germinating power of the seed, one-half more seed per acre is required. The purchase of non-infected seed is also to be recommended. 149. Stinking Smut.—Stinking smut is closely allied to the loose smut of wheat, in form and habit, although differing from it in the character and extent of its injury. It a
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