. A treatise on surgical therapeutics of domestic animals. Veterinary surgery; Therapeutics, Surgical. with numerous fistula from which -escapes a pus more or less loaded with very small reddish-yellow masses resembling small gravel. Some forms of recent actinomycosis are neither ulcerated nor fistulous ; they resemble sar- coma very closely and their center is hollowed by one or more purulent centers whose contents hold the actinomycetes in suspension. Others already large and protruding exter- nally, are open deep down on a mucous membrane. In some cases secondary tumors are
. A treatise on surgical therapeutics of domestic animals. Veterinary surgery; Therapeutics, Surgical. with numerous fistula from which -escapes a pus more or less loaded with very small reddish-yellow masses resembling small gravel. Some forms of recent actinomycosis are neither ulcerated nor fistulous ; they resemble sar- coma very closely and their center is hollowed by one or more purulent centers whose contents hold the actinomycetes in suspension. Others already large and protruding exter- nally, are open deep down on a mucous membrane. In some cases secondary tumors are found irreg- ularly distributed round the primi- tive tumor or arranged in chaplet form. Under the microscope the actinomycetic mass appears made of diverging, regular or undulous filaments, sometimes ramified and ending with pyramidal enlarge- ments (conidia). This appear- ance in " umbrella " shape is suf- ficiently characteristic to permit the diagnosis. The treatment of actinomycosic tumors includes the numerous means used against chronic inflammatory productions and against true neoplasms. Leblanc employed mercurial ointment and points cauterization j Cruzel, irritating frictions (spirits of turpentine and blistering liniments) ; Harms, applications of an ointment of equal parts of arsenious acid and lard. To dry the fistulae, injections of sulphate of copper, carbolic acid, lo per cent. (Rosenbach), and cauterization are recommended. These means have very generally failed. Extirpation of the tumor and the use of the curette have given better results in the case of external lesions. Where these " osteosarcomata " were treated early they gave way to surgical interference, but when the maxillary was invaded in a great part of its thickness, a secondary fracture was always to be feared. For this reason, in serious cases, it was better to have the animal destroyed. Some success has been attained in the case of man by the use of tuberculin (Billroth) and by
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