. Our greater country; being a standard history of the United States from the discovery of the American continent to the present time ... ing the year1832 the tariff was revised by Congress,and that body, instead of diminishing theduties, increased many of them. This actiongave great offence to the Southern States,which regarded the denial of free trade as agreat wrong to them. They were willing tosubmit to a tariff sufficient for a revenue, butwere utterly opposed to a protective tarifffor the reasons we have already stated. TheStates of Virginia, Georgia and South Caro-lina were the most ene
. Our greater country; being a standard history of the United States from the discovery of the American continent to the present time ... ing the year1832 the tariff was revised by Congress,and that body, instead of diminishing theduties, increased many of them. This actiongave great offence to the Southern States,which regarded the denial of free trade as agreat wrong to them. They were willing tosubmit to a tariff sufficient for a revenue, butwere utterly opposed to a protective tarifffor the reasons we have already stated. TheStates of Virginia, Georgia and South Caro-lina were the most energetic in their opposi-tion to the measure, but the first two, uponits passage, submitted to it, hoping to carry out their wshes by constitutional means atsome future time. The State of South Carolina, holding theviews advocated by Mr. Hayne in theSenate, in his debate with Mr. Webster,resolved to nullify the law Avithin its ownlimits. A convention of the people of theState was held, which adopted a measureknown as the Nullification ordinance declared that the tariff act of1832, beuig based upon the principle of pro-. JOHN C. CALHOUN. tection, and not upon the principle of raisingrevenue, was unconstitutional, and was there-fore null and void. Provision was made byanother clause for testing the constitutionalityof the law before the courts of the State. The State assumed the right to forbid thecollection of the duties imposed by the tariffwithin its limits ; and if the general govern-ment should resist the course of the Stateby force, the State of South Carolina wasdeclared to be no longer a member of the 566 FROM THE REVOLUTION TO THE CIVIL WAR. Union. This ordinance was to take effecton the twelfth of February, 1833, unless inthe meantime the general government shouldabandon its policy of protection and returnto a tariff for revenue only. Matters had reached this state when thePresidential election occurred in the fall of1832. The country at large was utterlyop
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