. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 468 colonies that do their work the most thoroughly—our best ones. We cannot rear best queens by giving the cells, as soon as sealed, to small nu- clei to hatch, that cannot keep up the necessary heat to fully develop them ; but must hatch them in full colonies. They should be fertilized in full colo- nies, as they will fly out sooner than from weak ones, and the sooner they are fertilized, the more prolific they will be. To get best drones, we must rear them from our best queens, near the center of the brood nest, so that they will have all the care


. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 468 colonies that do their work the most thoroughly—our best ones. We cannot rear best queens by giving the cells, as soon as sealed, to small nu- clei to hatch, that cannot keep up the necessary heat to fully develop them ; but must hatch them in full colonies. They should be fertilized in full colo- nies, as they will fly out sooner than from weak ones, and the sooner they are fertilized, the more prolific they will be. To get best drones, we must rear them from our best queens, near the center of the brood nest, so that they will have all the care and heat necessary. Colonies of best bees give robbers the "cold ; Such colonies work here in California in our poorest and dryest seasons, during all the fall, keep- ing their hives full of brood and honey, and not trying to rob others; while common ones are growing lighter, try- ing to force themselves into other hives, and many of them starving. Such best colonies will winter in cold climates, almost any way, without spring dwind- ling ; in such colonies the age of the queens will be from 3 to 4 years, instead of the short life which is the rule with common ones. Who will give us the best business bees V S. S. Butler, M. D. Los Gatos, Cal., Aug. 25,1880. E. J. Oatman was of opinion that queens would fertilize as soon from nu- clei as from full colonies. President Miller and others held the same opinion. E. J. Oatman had purchased 2 Pales- tine queens; 1 died; the survivor is very prolific ; aside from prolificacy, Mr. Oatman could give no opinion of their merits. I. R. Good has a " holy" queen, which is the most prolific queen he ever saw. George Thompson has one, with the same characteristic. I. R. Good said he had reared about 40 queens from his Palestine queen, and all were nearly perfect duplicates of the mother queen. E. J. Oatman stated his queen did not duplicate. In response to a question as to which is best for the amateur—artificial


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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectbees, bookyear1861