Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . e was lostby inclement weather and unavoidable delays. This light spider-webmethod of construction for crossing very high valleys was originated byAmerican engineers, the first notable instance of it being the constructionof the Ivinzua viaduct, on the X. Y. L. E. & W. R, R,, which has a lengthof
Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . e was lostby inclement weather and unavoidable delays. This light spider-webmethod of construction for crossing very high valleys was originated byAmerican engineers, the first notable instance of it being the constructionof the Ivinzua viaduct, on the X. Y. L. E. & W. R, R,, which has a lengthof 2050 feet and a height of 302 feet above the water—figures which areonly slightly less than the above. Eorth Bridge. — The next type of bridge to be considered has for itsexample the largest bridge in the world — the cantilever crossing theFirth of Forth, in Scotland. The economic .design of bridges of this type,on the basis of the mechanical principles involved, is not only an achieve-ment of this century, but of the latter part of the century. Nevertheless, wemay find illustrations of the fundamental principle in the stone lintels in anEgyptian temple; in a rough wooden bridge erected by Indians in Canada,near the line of the Canadian Pacific Railroad; and in a bridge erected over. PROGRESS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 345 two hundred years ago in Thibet, and discovered in 1783 by LieutenantDavis, of the English embassy to the court of the Teshoo Lama. Theprinciple of these bridges is very graphically shown by a photograph madeat the time of the construction of the Forth bridge. This bridge joins two sections of Scotland which had been previouslyseparated by an arm of the sea, which could only be crossed by a tediousferry. Even this ferry was frequently tied up by fog or by the strong galeswhich so often blow up the channel. The prevalence of heavy wind pressuredemanded that special attention should be given to this feature, and the mostelaborate tests ever made of the effect
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidtri, booksubjectinventions
