. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. THE WHITE SEA 197. Fig. 87. Near-bottom isotherms of the White Sea and the distribution in it of the starfish Asterias lincki and ophiure Ophiopholis aculeata (Schorygin, 1926). littoral, boreal forms predominate markedly. With increase of depth the number of Arctic forms becomes greater and greater, and finally the deep parts of the Sea are inhabited by fauna of a pronounced high Arctic character {Table 85). As we have shown, the mass form of zooplankton in the surface layer is Calanus finmarchicu
. Biology of the seas of the Marine biology -- Soviet Union; Hydrology -- Soviet Union. THE WHITE SEA 197. Fig. 87. Near-bottom isotherms of the White Sea and the distribution in it of the starfish Asterias lincki and ophiure Ophiopholis aculeata (Schorygin, 1926). littoral, boreal forms predominate markedly. With increase of depth the number of Arctic forms becomes greater and greater, and finally the deep parts of the Sea are inhabited by fauna of a pronounced high Arctic character {Table 85). As we have shown, the mass form of zooplankton in the surface layer is Calanus finmarchicus, while Metridia longa lives in masses in the depths. A comparison of the distribution of two echinoderms, the Arctic-boreal Ophiopholis aculeata and the cold-living starfish Asterias lincki, is even more significant (Fig. 87). Table 85. Relationship of different zoogeographical groups in the bottom fauna of the White Sea as percentages of the total fauna Zoogeograph ical groups Littoral Pseudo-abyssal Total number of species Boreal 23-25 Chiefly boreal Arctic boreal 18-28 22-93 Chiefly Arctic Arctic 13-95 6-97 High Arctic 00 Endemic 00 Cosmopolitan species Bipolar 6-97 7-65 43 41-53 6-97 1000 00 00 15-3 13-3 250 29 0 5-7 7-7 40 52 00 540 1000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Zenkevich, L. A. (Lev Aleksandrovich), 1889-1970. New York, Interscience Publishers
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