. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. 10 JO L (METERS)—- Fig. 3.—Fractions of sound energy which lost by absorp- tion when the sound waves travel a distance of 1 km (assuming a temperature of OC throughout the atmosphere) based on the research of Schrodinger [26]; h = height in km, L = wave length in meters, T = period in seconds. The preceding equations give only the order of mag- nitude of the absorption. Fog, smoke, water droplets, etc., affect the absorption, and the equations do not hold for waves with very short wave lengths (less than one meter), for which the absorption increa
. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. 10 JO L (METERS)—- Fig. 3.—Fractions of sound energy which lost by absorp- tion when the sound waves travel a distance of 1 km (assuming a temperature of OC throughout the atmosphere) based on the research of Schrodinger [26]; h = height in km, L = wave length in meters, T = period in seconds. The preceding equations give only the order of mag- nitude of the absorption. Fog, smoke, water droplets, etc., affect the absorption, and the equations do not hold for waves with very short wave lengths (less than one meter), for which the absorption increases faster than given by the equations, nor for waves with lengths over a few hundred meters, for which the wave length is an appreciable fraction of the height of the homo- geneous atmosphere. The amplitudes of recorded sound waves through the troposphere and the lower part of the stratosphere depend less on absorption than on the change in energy flux due to the change in size of the wave front. To find these effects [8] we suppose that there is no wind,. Fig. 4 Fig. 6. and that sound waves produced at A in Fig. 4 start with the same energy in all directions. The energy flux Eo through a zone z between two cones formed by rays with angles of incidence i and i + e respectively is given (see Figs. 4 and 5) by Eo = A [cos i-cos (i + e)] = -B8 -^\ (30). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original American Meteorological Society. Committee on the Compendium of Meteorology; Malone, Thomas F. Boston : American Meteorological Society
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