. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. lotabrycon Landonia lotabrycon Phenacobrycon Phenacobrycon Bryconamer/cus-like ancestor (6. brevirostris?). Phenacobrycon-Wke ancestor Bryconamericus-Wke ancestor Landonia Eigenmann and Henn, 1914 {in Eigenmann et ah, 1914) and Phenacobrycon Eigenmann, 1922, arc already described. The third {lotahnjcon), which has the most speciaHzed candal gland of the three, is described hvvc for the first time. An osteological study of these three genera was undertaken for the following reasons: 1) to pennit a more precise diagnosi
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. lotabrycon Landonia lotabrycon Phenacobrycon Phenacobrycon Bryconamer/cus-like ancestor (6. brevirostris?). Phenacobrycon-Wke ancestor Bryconamericus-Wke ancestor Landonia Eigenmann and Henn, 1914 {in Eigenmann et ah, 1914) and Phenacobrycon Eigenmann, 1922, arc already described. The third {lotahnjcon), which has the most speciaHzed candal gland of the three, is described hvvc for the first time. An osteological study of these three genera was undertaken for the following reasons: 1) to pennit a more precise diagnosis of the new genus; 2) to characterize more fully Fhenacohnjcon and Landonia, thus permitting their comparison with other characids; 3) to pro\'ide information about variation of osteological characters in Characidae, as background for other studies; and 4) to help in judging the utility of osteological comparisons for determining relationships among Characi- dae at the generic level. The hypothesis is here investigated that the Guayas glandulocaudines are an autochthonous monophyletic lineage and had Bri)conamcricus-\\\.Q ancestors, possiblv similar to Bnjconaniericus hrevirostris now inhabiting the Guayas basin. Diagram A represents one possible interpretation of their relationships. Another possible inter- pretation is shown in Diagram B. The specimens upon which this paper is based were obtained during a survey to identify the principal freshwater food fishes of Ecuador for the International Center for Aquaculture of Auburn Uni- versity, in October-December of 1971. Collections in the Guayas basin were made by Sr. Fausto Silva M., Chief Fisheries Officer, and Sr. Gerinaldo Morales, botli of th(> Departamento de Piscicultura of the iMinisterio de la Producion of Ecuador; Mr. Ronnie J. Gilbert of Auburn Uni- versity; and myself. 1 wish to thank Dr. Stanley H. Weitz- man, Division of Fishes, Smithsonian Institution, for helpful comments on the manuscript. Note. Standard len
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