. British husbandry; exhibiting the farming practice in various parts of the United Kingdom. Agriculture -- Great Britain; cbk. NETHERBY, CUMBERLAND. G5 CUTTING AND FINISHING THE DRAINS. In laying" out the lines of drains, where springs are intended to be cut off*, the same system practised by scientific and experienced (hainors, who use stone, is followed for draining by tile. Where the removal of surface •water is the object in view, the natural inequalities or indentations in the surface are carefully examined, so as to attain tlie object as few drains, and as g'reat effect as p
. British husbandry; exhibiting the farming practice in various parts of the United Kingdom. Agriculture -- Great Britain; cbk. NETHERBY, CUMBERLAND. G5 CUTTING AND FINISHING THE DRAINS. In laying" out the lines of drains, where springs are intended to be cut off*, the same system practised by scientific and experienced (hainors, who use stone, is followed for draining by tile. Where the removal of surface •water is the object in view, the natural inequalities or indentations in the surface are carefully examined, so as to attain tlie object as few drains, and as g'reat effect as possible. Where very stitf clay exists, a drain even in every furrow has been resorted to with much effect, but this has seldom been necessary on this estate, although the expense is not so great as may appear at first si^i-jit. In other cases, where the soil is of a damp, retentive nature, such as the poor clay and peaty soils men- tioned, where the surface is very flat and incumbent on a stitf clay, and no springs existing, main drains have been run in the lowest parts of the land to be drained, and smaller drains run into these parallel to, and at stated distances from, each other. This mode, when properly executed, answers the purpose iu view remarkably well. The manual o])eration of draining has been conducted in the following manner :—The deepness has always been suited to the object iu view ; drains for springs in many cases have been very deep, so as to cut through the substratum containing the water, whether that has been gravel or sand, and surface draining from 25 to 4^ feet deep. In all cases, the drains are cut as narrow as workmen can conveniently work in them, decreasing in width as they approach the bottom. 'I'he tools used are the common spade, shovel and pick, or the round-mouthed spades used in forming canals, &c., called here navigation spades* the last a most useful implement for cutting through stubborn clays. The drains being cut to the required de
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840, bookpublisherlon, booksubjectcbk
