. Loyal citizenship. reparedness. There has been almostno community planning in the broader sense, whichincludes making provision for such important mat-ters as parks and playgrounds, school grounds andbuildings, means of transportation, and must be made with future needs in mind, orgrowth will find the community unprepared. NewYork, growing without a plan, got to be a great,crowded city without playgrounds. It then dis-covered that it needed playgrounds and paid millionsof dollars for a few small tracts in its tenement-housedistricts. Parks and playgrounds. The health and happi-


. Loyal citizenship. reparedness. There has been almostno community planning in the broader sense, whichincludes making provision for such important mat-ters as parks and playgrounds, school grounds andbuildings, means of transportation, and must be made with future needs in mind, orgrowth will find the community unprepared. NewYork, growing without a plan, got to be a great,crowded city without playgrounds. It then dis-covered that it needed playgrounds and paid millionsof dollars for a few small tracts in its tenement-housedistricts. Parks and playgrounds. The health and happi-ness of many city people depend largely upon theopportunities for outdoor recreation that are fur-nished by the city. Our earliest parks were nothingmore than the common cow pastures. The beautifuland dignified Boston Common is perhaps the bestexample of a park of such origin. It was not until themiddle of the nineteenth century that our citiesbegan to acquire parks on a large scale. Central Community Plaiiniiui 16:i. 164 Loyal Citizenship Park was bought by New York in 1853, and sincethen ahnosl every other large city has acquired atleast one important park. In recent years many ofthe large cities have acquired extensive reservationsin the outlying parts of the city, or even outside thecity limits, and have united them into a consistentsystem of parks. Kansas City, Missouri, for ex-ample, has a remarkably complete system of parksand drives. It has been found, how ever, that parks situated inthe outlying parts of the city, which must be reachedby a long street-car ride or by automobile, do notmeet the needs of the mass of the people. In the lastfew years great progress has been made in providingopen spaces in the thickty populated parts of open spaces are not altogether laid off in beau-tiful flower beds and law ns, but are very largely de-voted to playground purposes. There are now up-ward of a thousand cities that furnish supervisedplay for children on such groun


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