. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Section A: Status of poverty and ecosystems in China (Stern, 2006).. Figure The available water capacity of soil in China (Feng et al. 2007) China uses more than 75% of its fresh water supplies for agriculture (MA. 2005). and water shortages in the northeast are exacerbated by shifts from dry field to paddy field, which consume much more water and lower groundwater tables further (Liu and Diamond. 2005). However, Chi
. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Section A: Status of poverty and ecosystems in China (Stern, 2006).. Figure The available water capacity of soil in China (Feng et al. 2007) China uses more than 75% of its fresh water supplies for agriculture (MA. 2005). and water shortages in the northeast are exacerbated by shifts from dry field to paddy field, which consume much more water and lower groundwater tables further (Liu and Diamond. 2005). However, China's water resources for agriculture are also characterized by low availability per capita, with uneven regional and seasonal distribution (Chen, 1992), as highlighted by the available water capacity of soil (Figure ). Agricultural production is estimated to be reduced by 35 million tons per year due to lack of water (Zhang. 2007b). Fisheries and Aquaculture China is the largest global producer of aquaculture products and production in 2005 totalled billion tonnes (Chinese Statistical Yearbook. 2006). Between 1970 and 2000, inland water aquaculture production increased at an average annual rate of 11% (FAO. 2004, in MAWEC, 2005), and demand increased ten fold (MA. 2005). It is estimated that 2 million tons offish and other aquatic animals are consumed in the Mekong basin, of which million tons are from natural wetlands (Sverdrup-Jensen, 2002) The Yangtze River is the most developed freshwater fishery in China (Chen et al, 2004), with 60% of the total freshwater species catch. (MA, 2005). Although fish production has been proven to be a vital source of income for poor households across Asia, there no published information of the importance of fish to the poor in China was found. Livestock and farm products Livestock The total meat provisioning capacity of western China's grasslands accounts for of the total in China, with a theoretical production capability o
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