Diseases of children for nurses . a, is an increase in the whole quantity of blood. 178 DISEASES OE CHILDREN FOR NURSES Leukocytosis is an increase in the number of whiteblood-corpuscles. Leukemia is a disease characterized by a great increasein the number of white blood-corpuscles, with lesions ofthe spleen, lymphatic glands, and bone-marrow. Chlorosis is a disease in which there is a great reductionin the hemoglobin (coloring matter), without any decreasein the red blood-corpuscles. It derives its name from thegreen tint of the skin. Von Jakschs disease is characterized by a decreasein the r
Diseases of children for nurses . a, is an increase in the whole quantity of blood. 178 DISEASES OE CHILDREN FOR NURSES Leukocytosis is an increase in the number of whiteblood-corpuscles. Leukemia is a disease characterized by a great increasein the number of white blood-corpuscles, with lesions ofthe spleen, lymphatic glands, and bone-marrow. Chlorosis is a disease in which there is a great reductionin the hemoglobin (coloring matter), without any decreasein the red blood-corpuscles. It derives its name from thegreen tint of the skin. Von Jakschs disease is characterized by a decreasein the red blood-corpuscles and hemoglobin, and bymarked leukocytosis with enlargement of the spleen andat times the liver. CHAPTER IX NERVOUS DISEASESANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The central nervous system is composed of the brain,the spinal cord, and their coverings. The brain is contained within the cavity of the is the center of thought, of the perception of the fivesenses, and of the voluntary motor activities of the Fig. 47.—Functional areas of the cerebral cortex, left hemisphere (A. A. Stevens). The brain or cerebrum is divided into the right andleft hemispheres by the median fissure. The two hemis-pheres are united by fibers running through the corpus callosum. 179 i8o DISEASES OF CHILDREN FOR NURSES The lower portion is divided into the cerebellum, thecrura, the pons, and the medulla. The brain is composed of grayand white matter, the gray matterbeing external and about a halfinch in thickness; it is called thecortex. The rest of the brain ismade up principally of white matterand consists of nerve fibers runningin various directions. The cortex presents upon itssurface deep grooves, which arecalled fissures or sulci. Thesefissures are numerous and dividethe brain into convolutions. Thisarrangement gives the greatestarea of cortex in the smallestamount of space. The more de-veloped the convolutions, the greaterthe intellect of the fissures als
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