. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Bird Collections - an Essential Resource for Collecting Ectoparasites 133. Fig. 3: The rnummified chewing lice are placed in a meticulously label- led collecting tubule using a fine paintbrush. The dark-coloured adults can be more or less easily picked out among the 'precipitation' of dust, powder, detritus, tow, and often single feath- ers. Those lice that are whitish in colour and less than 1 mm in size have to be searched for with particular care. Photo: W. Kluh
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Bird Collections - an Essential Resource for Collecting Ectoparasites 133. Fig. 3: The rnummified chewing lice are placed in a meticulously label- led collecting tubule using a fine paintbrush. The dark-coloured adults can be more or less easily picked out among the 'precipitation' of dust, powder, detritus, tow, and often single feath- ers. Those lice that are whitish in colour and less than 1 mm in size have to be searched for with particular care. Photo: W. Kluh 2-4). There are two stages in the operation and they can be carried out separately or in combination: 1. The purposeful feather-by-feather examination of specific areas, particularly on the head including the base of the bill, using tweezers; this is some- times done to firstly establish the presence of eggs (nits) in order to be sure that there is a chance of finding chewing lice on the skin (Fig. 5). This intensive searching method is suggested for small birds up to about Turdus meriila size. 2. The careful patting of the skin after the plumage has been loosened. This is the best method for species roughly larger than Turdus menda. This extensive examination can be carefully repeated several times with one skin. The study skins thus treated are held over a smooth white sheet of paper or plastic and the resulting mum- mified chewing lice preserved in dry collecting Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig. Bonn : Das Forschungsinstitut
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