. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 478 ANGIOSPERMS. Elm Family (Urticaceae). — The Elm family includes about 1500 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees. Besides the Elms this family includes the Mulberries, Figs, Hemps, Hops, Nettles, tropical Bread Fruits and a number of others less important. The apetalous flowers are mostly unisexual. The flowers are usually borne in loose or catkin-like clusters {Fig. 4^0). In the Fig the flowers are produced in hol- low receptacles, which with the ovaries within form the well-known fleshy fruits of the Fig {Fig. 421). The fruits in this famil
. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 478 ANGIOSPERMS. Elm Family (Urticaceae). — The Elm family includes about 1500 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees. Besides the Elms this family includes the Mulberries, Figs, Hemps, Hops, Nettles, tropical Bread Fruits and a number of others less important. The apetalous flowers are mostly unisexual. The flowers are usually borne in loose or catkin-like clusters {Fig. 4^0). In the Fig the flowers are produced in hol- low receptacles, which with the ovaries within form the well-known fleshy fruits of the Fig {Fig. 421). The fruits in this family vary much in size, form, and texture. In the Elms the fruits are winged and depend upon the wind for dissemination. The Elms are very popular shade trees, and their wood is used for flooring, hubs, barrels, sills, posts, and railroad ties. The multiple fleshy fruits of the Mul- berries are edible, and the leaves of Mul- berries constitute the food for silkworms. The Hemps are well-known fiber plants, and the Hop Vine is extensively grown for its fruits, which are used in brawing beer and at one time were used in making bread. The Rubber Plant, so common in greenhouses and homes, belongs to this family and is one of a number of plants that yield the invaluable rubber from their milky juice. Buckwheat Family (Polygonaceae). — The plants of this family are mostly herbs, distinguished by their swollen nodes, sheathing stipules, and simple flowers in clusters {Fig. J!^22). The Smartweeds and Knotweeds, which are extremely common around gardens and in waste places, are well-known plants of this family. The fruit, in most cases, is an achene which is usually angled and sometimes winged. In case of Buckwheat, which is an important cereal crop, the starchy achene is ground into flour. Some of them, as the Rhubarb and Sorrel, contain acid in the leaves or stem. The family includes a number of weeds of which the Docks, Field or Sheep Sorrel {Fig. 4^3), Black Bindweed, Climbing False
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1920
