. Animal castration, a book for the use of students and practitioners; . lips and two commissures. Thespace between the vulva below and the anis above is the a depression on its floor (Fossa Navicularis) lies the clitoris. Animal Castration 157 In virgin mares the hymen separates the vulva from the , on the floor of the vulva, opens the meatus urinarius, whichis the outlet from the bladder. The mucous membrane lining in-side of vulva is rose colored, and the skin externally issoft, thin and devoid of hair. Vagina—The vagina is situated between the rectum an
. Animal castration, a book for the use of students and practitioners; . lips and two commissures. Thespace between the vulva below and the anis above is the a depression on its floor (Fossa Navicularis) lies the clitoris. Animal Castration 157 In virgin mares the hymen separates the vulva from the , on the floor of the vulva, opens the meatus urinarius, whichis the outlet from the bladder. The mucous membrane lining in-side of vulva is rose colored, and the skin externally issoft, thin and devoid of hair. Vagina—The vagina is situated between the rectum and blad-der, and is tubular in shape. It extends horizontally through thepelvic cavity from the cervix to the vulva. Its walls are capableof great distension. The vagina varies in length in different indi-viduals. It is usually from 8 to 10 inches long. Superiorly it isrelated to the rectum, inferiorly to the bladder, laterally to thepelvic wall. Uterus—The uterus (womb) is a musculo-membranous sacsituated partly in the pelvic region. It consists of a body and two. Fig. 132—External and Internal Genital Organs of Mare. A. Vulva;Cervlx (neck of womb); D, D, Horns and Fallopian Tubes; E, E, Ovaries; F, Fundus. cornua. Superiorly it is related with the rectum, which passesbetween its horns while it is suspended laterally by the broadligaments. Inferiorly it is related with the bladder and convo-lutions of the intestines. Its anterior extremity is known as thefundus, and is continuous with the cornua. Its posterior extremityis continuous with the vagina, constituting the cervix or neck of 158 Animal Castration the womb. This cervix is round, hard and thick. In its centeris a tube like opening (Fissure). The cornua spring laterallyfrom the anterior extremity of the uterus and pass upwards andforwards, and to these the suspensory ligaments are attached. Attheir summit the fallopian tubes enter. The uterus has three open-ings, viz: Ostium Internum leading through the cervix, and
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