LRichard's ..Comprehensive geography of the Chinese empire and dependencies ..translated into English, revised and enlarged . ketch of the formation of the earth will enableus now to study the formation of the soil of China. Formation of the soil of China. — China, as we stated in the beginning,forms a part of Asia, the South-Eastern. From primitive times tMO portions of Asiaseem to have emerged. In the North, in the region of Irkutsk and extending as faras Korea, was the continent called Eurasia (formed by Europe and Asia), M-bich sooncontinued to the North by Anga-ra. This continent occupied


LRichard's ..Comprehensive geography of the Chinese empire and dependencies ..translated into English, revised and enlarged . ketch of the formation of the earth will enableus now to study the formation of the soil of China. Formation of the soil of China. — China, as we stated in the beginning,forms a part of Asia, the South-Eastern. From primitive times tMO portions of Asiaseem to have emerged. In the North, in the region of Irkutsk and extending as faras Korea, was the continent called Eurasia (formed by Europe and Asia), M-bich sooncontinued to the North by Anga-ra. This continent occupied alarge portion of pi-esent Siberia,In the South,, in the presentpeninsula of Hindustan, andextending to Australia, was theland of Gundwana (so calledfrom the ancient flora of Gund-wana, common to its differentparts). Between these two conti-nents, occupying consequentlynearly the whole space nowforming China, was the centralMediterranean sea, called some-times Thetys (the sea). In theprimitive period,therefore,Chiua,except Manchuria, the Westernborder of Mongolia and someparts of Tibet, was buried be-neath the water,. Formation of the soil of China. rn Sea. \^ Land. In the North, Euiasia. In the South, the land of Gundwana. Between the two the Central Mediterranean INTRODUCTION. 3 China in the différent gcolo^icil periods. — At the close of the Primary period, the greatest portion of China emerged, save the Sontli-Western. During the whole of the Primary period and the first part of the Seeondaryperiod, China remained under water. It then emerged definitively. Subsequentlycame foldings and dislocations, which evolved hollows like that of Sixngaria,or emergedin peaks like those of the Altaï mountains, Tien-shan, Kucnlun, Nan-shan and of these summits, the Kuenlun and Nan-shan for instance, were formerlyvery high, but erosion has greatly lessened them. Of the sedimentary coating thatcovered the high summits, there remain but fragments in the less elevated par


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