. American pomology : Apples. Apples. 362 AMERICAISr POMOLOGY. stem^ as in Pryor's Red, Roman Stem, and other apples, and in some pears. This portion is sometimes defaced by cracks that separate the skin; it is occasionally green, and this is a good and dis- tinguishing character of a limited number of fruits, \ both apples and pears. The Fig. 50.—CAVITY LIPPED. cavlty is also hroiSi or ^^russeted^^ in some fruits, and, though this character is quite variable in its depth, amount and extent, we may consider the brown or russeting about the stem quite reliable in both pears and apples. The stem
. American pomology : Apples. Apples. 362 AMERICAISr POMOLOGY. stem^ as in Pryor's Red, Roman Stem, and other apples, and in some pears. This portion is sometimes defaced by cracks that separate the skin; it is occasionally green, and this is a good and dis- tinguishing character of a limited number of fruits, \ both apples and pears. The Fig. 50.—CAVITY LIPPED. cavlty is also hroiSi or ^^russeted^^ in some fruits, and, though this character is quite variable in its depth, amount and extent, we may consider the brown or russeting about the stem quite reliable in both pears and apples. The stem has its place of insertion in the region we have just been considering. It is the peduncle of bota- nists, and in some species it separates from the fruit by a joint—in others it remains attached and separates from the twig, when it is considered a part of the fruit itself, as in the apple and pear. The shape, average length, thickness, and other characters, and especially its mode of attachment to the carpos * in the pear, give us some important characters, but these are always somewhat un- certain and variable; hence they are rather relative than positive traits. In apples, stems may be long^ fig. 47, shorty ^g, 48, or medium^ according to their projection beyond or concealment within the cavity, being called me- dium when they simply reach the contour of the outline. They are slender^ fig. 47; m,edium, or thicJc^ fleshy^ Jcriobby or clubbed^ ^g. 49, according to the amounlf of their substance and its arrangement. They are curved or straight^ and direct and axial^ or inclined^ according to their direction ? From Kapno^, Greek, for fruit. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Warder, J. A. (John Aston), 1812-1883. New York : Orange Judd and company
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectapples, bookyear1867
