Geology . n. Fig. 526.—Loess Shells, a-b, Zonitoides minusculus (Binney); c-d, Euconulus julvus(Drap.); -/, Strobilops labyrinthica (Say); g, Polygyra clausa (Say); h, P. mul-tilineata (Say); i-j, Succinea obliqua Say; k, S. avara Say; l-m, Polygyramonodon (Rack); n, Bifidaria pentodon (Say); o, B. corticaria (Say); p, (Linn.); q, B. armifera (Say). The small figures adjacent to some of thelarge ones show the natural size of the shells. relation to them. This is conceded, without proving that the loessis fluvial. By the aqueous hypothesis, the loess is assigned to direct deposi-tio


Geology . n. Fig. 526.—Loess Shells, a-b, Zonitoides minusculus (Binney); c-d, Euconulus julvus(Drap.); -/, Strobilops labyrinthica (Say); g, Polygyra clausa (Say); h, P. mul-tilineata (Say); i-j, Succinea obliqua Say; k, S. avara Say; l-m, Polygyramonodon (Rack); n, Bifidaria pentodon (Say); o, B. corticaria (Say); p, (Linn.); q, B. armifera (Say). The small figures adjacent to some of thelarge ones show the natural size of the shells. relation to them. This is conceded, without proving that the loessis fluvial. By the aqueous hypothesis, the loess is assigned to direct deposi-tion by the rivers, or their lake-like expansions. To make this possible,it is necessary to suppose that the waters stood at elevations 200 to600 feet higher than now, relative to adjacent surfaces. This involvesdifficulties that have never been satisfactorily met, for great areas THE PLEISTOCENE OR GLACIAL PERIOD. 411 which should have been covered by water according to this hy-pothesis, have no loess. Thus t


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