. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. 90 IAN J. KITCHING for these two tribes. It also follows from this that the polarity of character 4 (SD1 on larval A9) should be reversed as well. I also reject characters 12 (only Euchalcia gerda and E. serraticornis Dufay [Dufay, 1968] have serrate antennae, and only Lophoplusia has bipectinate antennae, none of which were examined in Kljutshko's study), 18 (if the dorsal abdominal tuft on the adult A2 is reduced in any genus, it is in Plusia, not Syngrapha; see almost any author on the Plusiinae) and 29 (the position of the osti
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. 90 IAN J. KITCHING for these two tribes. It also follows from this that the polarity of character 4 (SD1 on larval A9) should be reversed as well. I also reject characters 12 (only Euchalcia gerda and E. serraticornis Dufay [Dufay, 1968] have serrate antennae, and only Lophoplusia has bipectinate antennae, none of which were examined in Kljutshko's study), 18 (if the dorsal abdominal tuft on the adult A2 is reduced in any genus, it is in Plusia, not Syngrapha; see almost any author on the Plusiinae) and 29 (the position of the ostium bursae on A8) as having any significance. The final result of these changes is shown in Fig. 7 and represents the only informative structure present in Kljutshko's original cladogram (Fig. 5). As alluded to above, the Argyrogrammatini and Plusiini have a sister-group relationship but a trichotomous one that includes Erythroplasia as an unplaced genus. The members of the Argyrogrammatini are united by the presence of subdorsal tufts on A5-6 in the male but form an Autographa Desertoplusia Diachrysia Macdunnoughia Antoculeora Plusia Plusidia Euchalcia Pseudochalcia Anadevidia Lamprotes Panchrysia Polychrysia Cornutiplusia Syngrapha Caloplusia Trichoplusia Argyrogramma Chrysodeixis Zonoplusia Ctenoplusia Acanthoplusia Erythroplasia Abrostola Fig. 7 Cladogram of the Plusiinae derived from the data set of Kljutshko (1985b) following further character analysis. Several characters (see text) were reinterpreted by the correct application of the outgroup criterion for determining character polarity and several more were omitted. The resulting cladogram represents the sum total of the information in Kljutshko's data set. There are extensive polytomies and few informative groups. Note, however, the monophyly of the Argyrogrammitini, Ctenoplusia () and the clade Macdunnoughia + Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digi
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