. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. Fig. 20. In the chestnut, the nuts are the true fruits. They are contained in a husk. Fig. 21. Vascular bundles in stem of moonseed. The xylem part, with large open- ings, is on the inner side, the phloem on the outer thistle and teasel are true biennials, part side. Pith at P. ^f ^j^g growth Occurring one year and the completion of the life-cycle the second year. Certain peren
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. Fig. 20. In the chestnut, the nuts are the true fruits. They are contained in a husk. Fig. 21. Vascular bundles in stem of moonseed. The xylem part, with large open- ings, is on the inner side, the phloem on the outer thistle and teasel are true biennials, part side. Pith at P. ^f ^j^g growth Occurring one year and the completion of the life-cycle the second year. Certain perennials have been bred by man to be biennials, as the cabbage and probably some root crops. Some of the root crops are really annual, as they complete the full cycle in one season if started early, as the radish. Whether a plant is biennial is often determined by the region in which it grows. There is the widest range in the length of life of perennials. Red clover is a perennial, but very imperfectly so; some forms of it thrive only two years, although they may persist longer. Most peren- nial herbs are at their greatest vigor the second and third years, as the strawberry, and then gradu- ally weaken, and sometimes even die before very old, new plants having been formed in the meantime. Gardeners know that the best bloom with pinks and hollyhocks and many other showy perennials is secured from plants that are only two or three years old. Sometimes the renewal is accomplished by dividing the old roots. Societies of plants. Since plants contend with each other and since different kinds have been driven into similar places or regions, it follows that certain kinds have come to grow together, forming plant societies or communities. A certain set of plants live together in a swamp, and another set on a hill, another in a meadow, and another set in a cotton- field or a corn-field. Certain plants grow under or over other plants: grass and bushes may grow under trees; corn grows above t
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