The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other narcotics upon the human system a mandatory study in public schools . Fig. 36) is atube about four and a half inches long and an inchwide, which divides at its lower extremitv into twosmaller tubes called broncJii^ one of which goes toeach lung. It is mainly fibrous in its structure,and it is kept open to its full extent by a numberof rings of cartilage, placed at a short distanceapart through its whol
The outlines of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene Being an edition of The essentials of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, rev to conform to the legislation making the effects of alcohol and other narcotics upon the human system a mandatory study in public schools . Fig. 36) is atube about four and a half inches long and an inchwide, which divides at its lower extremitv into twosmaller tubes called broncJii^ one of which goes toeach lung. It is mainly fibrous in its structure,and it is kept open to its full extent by a numberof rings of cartilage, placed at a short distanceapart through its whole length. The trachea issituated in the neck just in front of the oesophagus,and as these stiff rings might press backward onthe oesophagus, and thus interfere with the processof swallowing, they do not pass completely aroundthe trachea, but are lacking in the part next theoesophagus, comprising about one third of thewhole circumference of the tube. At the upperextremity of the trachea is the laryiix, or the organof voice, w^hich is essentially a triangular-shapedbox of cartilage, the lower end opening freely into I20 ORGANS OF REPAIR. the trachea, and the upper being closed by musclesand membranous tissues, with the exception of theopening of the Fig. 36.—Larynx, trachea, and bronchi, showing; the manner of division,and the rines of cartilage. 158. The Glottis.—The glottis is a slit-shapedopening, a little less than an inch long, extendingfrom before backward and from above downward, RESPIRATION. 121 not being, in other words, either perpendicular orhorizontal in the throat, but shelving toward therear. The front extremity is at the base and backof the tongue, and the opening itself is bounded atthe sides by two firm, fibrous, strong, pearly-whitemembranes, called the vocal chords, by the vibrationof which sound is produced. These vocal chordscan be separated to the extent of half an inch, orbrought together so as to touch, by the muscleswhich are attached to the
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