. How to fight garden pests; illustrated and with spraying tables . en stead-ily increasing in numbers until now they are wellestablished in certain parts of the country, forinstance, New Jersey, Connecticut, Staten Island,Long Island, New York, and Massachusetts. MORE LIFE HISTORIES These moths belong to the same genus Cassidce,and their life-history is similar. The larvae of bothspecies are indiscriminate feeders, attacking suchshade trees as the elm, ash, beech, birch, walnut,oak, chestnut, poplar, alder, maple, mountain ash,tulip, aspen, willow, and among the orchard treesthe pear, apple,
. How to fight garden pests; illustrated and with spraying tables . en stead-ily increasing in numbers until now they are wellestablished in certain parts of the country, forinstance, New Jersey, Connecticut, Staten Island,Long Island, New York, and Massachusetts. MORE LIFE HISTORIES These moths belong to the same genus Cassidce,and their life-history is similar. The larvae of bothspecies are indiscriminate feeders, attacking suchshade trees as the elm, ash, beech, birch, walnut,oak, chestnut, poplar, alder, maple, mountain ash,tulip, aspen, willow, and among the orchard treesthe pear, apple, and plum; also, such shrubs as theprivet, lilac, and honeysuckle. The moths appearin July. During the day they remain motionlessupon the trunks of trees; although in plain view,they are difficult to see, since their protective col-oring conceals them. The females lay their eggs in the cracks of thebark, near the ground, and occasionally on the rootsof the tree. As many as 300 eggs have been countedin a mass, but it is believed that they often exceedthis number. f. A pupa skin sticking out of the trunk of a tree (47) 48 HOW TO FIGHT GARDEN PESTS The young caterpillars soon hatch and penetratethe tree, burrowing long tunnels, which increase indiameter as the caterpillars increase in size. Thefull-grown larva of the leopard-moth attains thelength of 2 inches, and the circumference of an inch,while the larva of the goat-moth grows to be 3inches long. The caterpillars do not always burrow length-wise of the branch; frequently they girdle it, thusweakening the branch so much that it breaks off,especially during storms. L. O. Howard statesthat in 1893 the trees in Central Park, New YorkCity, were so badly damaged by the borers that afterevery storm great quantities of limbs were broken off. The caterpillars feed in summer, and rest duringthe winter months. About two years are requiredfor them to reach their maximum growth. Thencomes the pupal stage, which is passed near theopening of
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