. The distribution and relations of educational abilities . card-indexinghim. Similar graphs may bo devised for age-groups and classes. Figure15 illustrates a method for plotting the attainments of the different ages inthe different subjects. The graphs show the actual attainments, revealed bytests at a particular scliool, compared with the normal attainments (ornorms ) for the several j^cars. The eaily progress, especially in Dictation,the subsequent falling off, especially in Arithmetic, are both clearly norms for the loss niechanical subjects are at present difficult to compile,


. The distribution and relations of educational abilities . card-indexinghim. Similar graphs may bo devised for age-groups and classes. Figure15 illustrates a method for plotting the attainments of the different ages inthe different subjects. The graphs show the actual attainments, revealed bytests at a particular scliool, compared with the normal attainments (ornorms ) for the several j^cars. The eaily progress, especially in Dictation,the subsequent falling off, especially in Arithmetic, are both clearly norms for the loss niechanical subjects are at present difficult to compile,only attainments in Dictation and Arithmetic (Rules) aro given. Any headteacher, however, cotUd easily work out for all subjects his own set ofnorms, by means of which he could keep tables of the progress of differentclasses and ages. 76 Figure 15. DICTATION AND ARITHMETIC. Averages for the several Age-groups in a particular school compared with thecorresponding Norms. Ace DICTATION ARITHMETIC . TOTAL ADDITION SUBTRACTION MULTIPLICATION DIVISION 13 Years. As a final, and, in some ways, most suggestive method of jiractical analysisof scliool proficiency, I give tallies of the averages for ago-groups within eachclass at tlie school from which most of my illustrations have been , I have given curves and tables for ago-groups and classes reveal the fact of overlap. But, for practical purposes, a study of theattainments of the different ago-groups within the different classes is still morevaluable ; for this shoiild reveal the defects of organisation which are the causeof overlap. The averages are given for Mechanical Arithmetic in Table for Dictation in Table XXTX. Marks for Addition, Subtraction, Multi-plication, and Division are given separately in Table XXVIII. to illustrate tlievalue of a close comparison of marks for different tests. It will bt seen that the oldest children in nearly every class are the weakest ;anvd the youngest, with


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