. John Brown and his men; with some account of the roads they traveled to reach Harper's Ferry. d come in on hearing the reports from underground wires. ColonelWashingtons Jim was one ofthe boldest of the new fighters. Outside the gates the excitedcitizens gathered. Arms werefound and began to be firing commenced inthe middle of the position was chiefly as-sailed, as the Virginia and Mary-land farmers could fire on therifle works without getting withinthe deadly range of the engine-house squad. O. P. Andersonsarming of the negroes led to theearly report that tlfle


. John Brown and his men; with some account of the roads they traveled to reach Harper's Ferry. d come in on hearing the reports from underground wires. ColonelWashingtons Jim was one ofthe boldest of the new fighters. Outside the gates the excitedcitizens gathered. Arms werefound and began to be firing commenced inthe middle of the position was chiefly as-sailed, as the Virginia and Mary-land farmers could fire on therifle works without getting withinthe deadly range of the engine-house squad. O. P. Andersonsarming of the negroes led to theearly report that tlfle commanderwas a colored man named Ander-son. Edwin Coppoc, on guard at the arsenal gates,was fired upon from the outside. He was not after, writes Anderson, an old coloredman armed with a double-barreled shotgun, taken atthe Washingtons and loaded by Leeman with buck-shot, was ordered by Captain Stevens to arrest a citi-zen. The latter refused to obey the order to halt,and the old man fired both barrels into him, causinghis death immediately. A rifle-shot from the engine-. EDWIN coppoc 296 JOHN BROWN. house had also wounded the man who fired at Coppoc„From the rifle works where Kagi, Leeman, Leary, andCopeland, with four freed men held the fort, camefresh messages urging immediate withdrawal. Itwas at this point that John Brown lost control of hisjudgment, and acted with hesitation unusual to him,halting between two views of the situation. He triedto be both teacher and fighter at once and necessarilyfailed, not that the characters are incompatible, butthat if fighting to achieve a moral result is accepted,then fighting rather than teaching is the order of theday. In his anxiety to prove that the movement wasone not of outlawry and destruction, but of benefi-cence, of justice, and lofty purpose, the logic of themethod chosen was temporarily overlooked. Justthen the business of the liberators was to have gotout of Harpers Ferry and into the mountainous regio


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbrownjo, bookyear1894